MANAGEMENT                                        PIH-113

PURDUE UNIVERSITY.  COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE.
WEST LAFAYETTE, INDIANA



Calculating Swine Schedules


Authors:
Don D. Jones, Purdue University
L. Bynum Driggers, North Carolina State University
David B. Gerber, The Ohio State University
Kent A. Law, Abilene, Kansas
Ron Plain, University of Missouri

Reviewers:
Tom and Robin Cocking, Colfax, Washington
Gary and Mary Comstock, Bronaugh, Missouri
Dale Purkhiser, Michigan State University
Harley and Bonnie Scholl, Grandin, North Dakota
Emmett Stevermer, Iowa State University



     Pork producers generally want  an  even  flow  of  livestock
through  their  facilities, high building occupancy without over-
crowding, an all-in, all-out operation to improve sanitation  and
help  break disease cycles.  Scheduling less than maximum produc-
tion typically results from  herd  health  problems  or  seasonal
labor  shortages.  Pressure for maximum production comes from the
investment costs of facilities; i.e., expensive  facilities  must
be used intensively to be economical.

     To maximize facility use while keeping control of  farrowing
schedules,  most producers divide their sow herds into groups and
schedule the breeding and farrowing times within biological limi-
tations.   A  schedule helps meet their production, labor, facil-
ity, and other management goals.  This publication is intended to
help  producers  calculate  a swine schedule for their particular
situation.

Principles of Swine Production

     Understanding the basic principles of the sow's reproduction
cycle  and  the growth rates of pigs is essential to developing a
good schedule.


     Farrowing Interval:  The sow's biological cycle (the  number
of  days  between two successive farrowings of an individual sow)
is the major constraint in a swine schedule.  A  portion  of  her
time  is spent in breeding, a portion in gestation, and a portion
in farrowing.  The gestation period is the most  fixed  of  these
values about -- 16 1/2 weeks plus or minus a day or so. The  rule
of thumb for swine gestation periods is 3  months,  3  weeks  and
3 days.  For our purposes, we will use a range of 113-116 days.


     Breeding:  The length of the breeding period (the time  from
weaning  until  mating) depends upon which estrous cycle the sows
are bred.  First heat breeding  (breeding  at  the  first  estrus
after  weaning) is the most desirable.  The first estrus normally
begins about three days after weaning (with a  typical  range  of
3-7  days).   The  second heat occurs about 3 weeks later (with a
range of 22 to 30 days after weaning).  Thus, sows bred on  their
second  heat average about 26 days from weaning to breeding.  The
range in estrus occurrence becomes greater (by about 3 days) with
the  passage  of  each successive estrous cycle in which the sows
are not bred and will be carried  through  the  gestation  period
resulting in a wider range in birth times and weaning ages within
a group.

     To reduce the weight and age ranges of weaned pigs,  produc-
ers must strive to minimize the time over which sows are bred and
thereby the range over which pigs  are  farrowed.   If  sows  are
exposed to the boar from the first return to estrus (about 3 days
after weaning) for 4 days (breeding time) and then removed,  most
reproductively  efficient  sows  should  have returned to estrus,
bred, and settled.  Sows that have not settled should  be  culled
from  the  herd.   This means faster turnover in the sow herd and
might mean selling sows that farrowed  a  large,  healthy  litter
last time.  It requires discipline on the part of the manager.  A
lack of discipline, however, will result  in  degeneration  of  a
scheduled  system  to  continuous  farrowing and the inability to
maintain an all-in, all-out system.  This is especially  true  of
more  intensive  schedules.  Production schedules with fewer than
about 8 farrowings per year sometimes breed over a 10- to  14-day
period.  This gives a longer time to work bred gilts into the sow
groups and decreases the  management  level  needed  at  breeding
time.

     Conception rates are affected by seasonal factors, but these
factors  aren't  well understood.  Rates depend to some extent on
the geographical location of the farm (climate), on the  type  of
facilities  in  use,  and  on  management  factors.  For example,
animals in an artificially heated and cooled environment will not
be  affected  to the extent of animals housed in outside lots and
uninsulated shelters.  However, seasonal conception rate  differ-
ences occur in swine regardless of temperature effects.  They can
even be different from herd to herd in similar locations.

     If conception rates are significantly lower  during  certain
times  of  the  year, additional sows must be bred to ensure that
farrowing crates are kept full later in the year.   For  example,
if  herd records show that a 60% conception rate typically occurs
during July breedings, 34 females (20 :  0.6)  must  be  bred  in
order  to fill a 20-sow farrowing house 113 days later.  Since it
is uneconomical to carry a sow to the second heat period  if  she
does not conceive, gilt replacement numbers must be determined in
advance and added to the herd at the desired breeding time.   See
PIH-89, Managing the Gilt Pool for more information.


     Weaning age:  The typical weaning age used in the  U.S.   is
about  5  weeks,  with  a range of 2 to 8 weeks.  This is the one
variable that the producer can control (within practical  limits)
and that directly affects the rest of the schedule.  For example,
the calculated breeding period can be lengthened by lowering  the
minimum  desired  weaning  age  while leaving the maximum desired
weaning age constant.  Certainly, it is  not  surprising  that  a
longer  breeding  period would result in a wider range of weaning
ages  (see  the  attached  worksheet).   Likewise,  the  interval
between  successive  farrowings (IBF) is lengthened by increasing
the maximum weaning age or shortened by  decreasing  the  maximum
weaning age.


     Animal Growth Rates:  Typical weight and age ranges for nur-
sery and growing-finishing animals are shown in Table 1.


              Table 1. Typical swine growth ranges.
              _____________________________________
               Production    Age range     Weight
                 stage        (weeks)       (lb)
              _____________________________________
               Farrowing        0-8         3-40
                Nursery         3-12       10-100
                Growing         9-18       60-150
               Finishing       18-30       150-230
              =====================================


     Ages of market hogs range from 22 to 30 weeks with an  aver-
age of about 28 weeks in inside facilities and a week or two less
if hogs are finished during summer months in outside lots.



The Group Concept

     The actual time that swine  are  in  each  production  stage
depends  more  on  IBF than on any other single factor since most
producers move animals in groups after they leave  the  farrowing
area.   Furthermore,  they typically move all groups at about the
same time, except for perhaps a short period when a room might be
empty for cleaning or for equipment repair.  For example, a group
might be sold from finishing, a new group moved there from  grow-
ing,  and  the  space in growing taken up by a new group moved in
from the nursery, and so on.  Therefore all buildings in the pro-
duction  process should be sized to hold an even number of animal
groups, with the group size being equal to  the  number  of  pigs
weaned  from  one group of sows.  For example, the nursery should
be sized to hold either one  or  two  groups,  not  11/2  groups.
Knowing  that  a new group will need to enter the production pro-
cess at the end of each IBF, all  the  necessary  information  is
available to determine the schedule as soon as the IBF is known.


Numerical Solution

     The limitations of  a  sow's  biological  cycle  plus  swine
growth  information  can  be reduced to a set of equations.  This
allows a producer to  calculate  an  accurate  schedule  for  his
operation and to obtain information about the performance of that
schedule.  This is ideal for modern production-intensive  systems
and lends itself to computer solution, using a fairly simple pro-
gram or spreadsheet.

     The calculations work especially well for multiple room far-
rowing  operations.  A primary benefit of a worksheet solution is
the ability to quickly calculate how well various schedules  per-
form.  Example schedules for five common systems, shown in Tables
2a through 2e, were  calculated  using  the  attached  worksheet.
Figure  1  graphically  represents the information from the first
example in Table 2a.  A second blank schedule chart  is  provided
for the reader's use in Figure 2.

     Table 3 is a summary  of  building  capacities  for  various
schedules.   It  is  based  on  10-crate farrowing rooms, so that
capacities can easily be scaled up or down to  fit  the  size  of
your  operation.   This  summary  is not as useful for day to day
planning as the schedules shown in Tables 2a through  2e  but  is
very  useful for determining facility capacities and should be of
interest to farm builders and to producers considering expansion.

     The procedure for calculations with the worksheet is as fol-
lows:  The time that sow groups occupy farrowing is computed, and
the desired open time is then adjusted to resolve  any  conflicts
in  space  usage.  These calculations begin with the minimum open
period that the producer feels is needed between sow  groups  and
the  desired maximum weaning age.  These values are used to esti-
mate the IBF.  This estimated interval is then  used  to  compute
the  number  of  sow  groups.   If the number is not whole, it is
truncated (it would not make sense to have 3.9  sow  groups,  for
example).   Using  the new sow group number, the interval is then
recomputed.  In effect, the worksheet accounts for the sow's bio-
logical  needs and then adjusts the building schedule accordingly
by varying the cleanup period.  The period designated as open  is
really  just a time when the farrowing room does not have sows in
the process of farrowing or nursing.   A  portion  of  this  time
might  be  when sows are present before farrowing as well as when
the building is being cleaned after weaning.  Also, no  pig  mor-
tality or gilts removed for breeding are included in the calcula-
tions.


Summary

     The benefits of scheduling are well documented.  Modern pork
producers  must  use  a  disciplined method of controlling animal
production and movement through expensive facilities.

     Scheduling of single or multiple farrowing room systems  can
be  done quickly and easily using the numerical solution outlined
here.  Furthermore, the calculations lend themselves  readily  to
development  of a computer program or spreadsheet that allows the
producer to evaluate a wide range of schedules.

Worksheet for computing a swine production schedule.

     Example Situation:  A  farmer  wishes  to  construct  a  new
farrow-to-finish  unit.   He  is  planning to use a one-room, 20-
crate farrowing house.  He hopes to wean 8 pigs  per  litter  and
finish  animals  in 180 days.  Because of other demands on labor,
he needs at least 10 days for cleanup in farrowing and  will  pen
breed  at  first  heat.   He is willing to use enough boars to be
able to use each boar only once a day.  His goal is a  conception
rate  of 80%, although he expects this to drop to 67% during sum-
mer months because of hot  weather  breeding  problems.   Desired
minimum and maximum weaning ages are 29 days and 37 days, respec-
tively.

NOTE:  All calculations are done in days.
_________________________________________________________________________
                                                                     Your
                                                           Example values

1. Farrowing facilities description
   a. Number of rooms (farrowing or  
      sow-pig nursery):                                      1    _______
   b. Number of crates per room:                             20   _______
   c. Minimum building open time needed  
      between farrowings:                                 10 days _______
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Weaning information
   a. Desired minimum age:                                29 days _______
   b. Desired maximum age (at least 7 days greater
      than minimum age for first
      heat breeding, 11 days greater  
      for second heat breeding):                          37 days _______
   c. Average number weaned per litter:                      8    _______
_________________________________________________________________________
3. Breeding information
   a. Breed on first or second heat?                        1st   _______
   b. Minimum time required after weaning for sows to
      mate (3 days for first heat and
      22 days for second heat breeding):                   3 days _______
   c. Number of services per boar per  
      day during mating period:                              1    _______
   d. Average conception rate, %:                           80%   _______
   e. Minimum expected conception rate, %:                  67%   _______
_________________________________________________________________________
4. Interval between (successive) farrowings estimate
   a. Farrowing span: Step 2.b - Step 2.a (37-29)          8 days _______
   b. Estimated IBF: Step 1.c + Step 2.b (10+37)          47 days _______
_________________________________________________________________________
5. Number of sow groups and actual IBF
   a. Weaning to weaning interval: Step 3.b
      + Step 2.b + min. gestation period (3+37+113)       153 days_______
   b. Total number of sow groups: (Step 5.a
      x Step 1.a):Step 4.b (((153x1):47)=3.1)                3    _______
      Truncate result if not a whole number
   c. Actual IBF: (Step 5.a x Step  
      1.a) : Step 5.b ((153x1):3=51)
      Round off result if not a whole number              51 days _______
   d. Number of sow groups per room:
       Step 5.b : Step 1.a (3:1)                             3    _______
   e. Actual open period available  
      between farrowings: Step 5.c - Step 2.b (51-37)     14 days _______
   f. Age difference between each pig  
      group (time from start of one farrowing to
      start of next): Step 5.c:Step 1.a (51:1)            51 days _______
_________________________________________________________________________
6. Breeding herd requirements
   a. Average number of sows in herd:*
      (Step 5.b x Step 1.b x 100):Step  
      3.d ((3x20x100):80)                                    75   _______
   b. Breeding span: Step 4.a - 3 (8-3)-                   5 days _______
   c. Total number of services per  
      boar per breeding period: Step 3.c x Step 6.b (1x5)    5    _______
   d. Sow capacity in breeding: Step 1.b x 100 : Step 3.e
      (round answer off to next highest  
      whole number) (20x100:67)                              30   _______
   e. Number of boars required: Step  
      6.d x number of services per estrus (2) : Step 6.c
      (round value off to next highest  
      number, e.g., use 9 instead of 8.57) (30 x 2):5        12   _______
   f. Time period after weaning by  
      which a sow group must be bred. For first heat,
      use 3 days to reach estrus after  
      weaning + Step 6.b. For second heat breeding,
      use 22 days to reach estrus + Step 6.b (3+5)         8 days _______
_________________________________________________________________________
7. Pig production
   a. Potential number of litters per  
      sow per year possible:
      365 days per year : Step 5.a (365:153)                2.38  _______
   b. Average number of litters per sow per year:
      (Step 7.a x Step 1.b x Step 5.
      b) : Step 6.a ((2.38x20x3):75)                        1.90  _______
   c. Maximum number of litters per year for entire herd:
      Step 1.b x Step 7.a x Step 5.
      b (Truncate result if not whole number) (20x2.38x3)   143   _______
   d. Maximum number of pigs produced per year:
      (365:Step 5.f) x Step 1.b x Step  
      2.c ((365:51) x 20 x 8)                               1145  _______
   e. Average age of pig at market (days):                180 days_______
   f. Number of pigs per group: Step  
      1.b x Step 2.c (20 x 8)                               160   _______
   g. Number of pig groups from birth  
      to market:= Step 7.e : Step 5.f
      (round off result to next highest  
      number, i.e., use 4 instead of 3.53) (180:51)          4    _______
   h. Upper age bracket of youngest  
      pig group: The smaller of Step 5.f or Step 2.b         37   _______
   i. Age bracket of next oldest pig group:
      [Step 7.h] to [Step 7.h + Step  
      5.f] (37 to 37+51)                                   37-88  _______
   j. Age ranges for rest of pig groups:
       [88] to [88 + Step 5.f]                             88-139 _______
      [139] to [139 + Step 5.f]                           139-190 _______
      (Continue calculation to maximum age of Step 7.e)
_________________________________________________________________________

* By pregnancy checking and culling open sows, not all sow groups
need  to  be  multiplied  by  1.2 (assuming 80% conception rate).
This will decrease the total number  of  sows  in  the  herd  and
decrease the capacity needed in gestation accordingly.

- Breeding span can be adjusted by modifying minimum weaning age,
without significantly affecting other scheduling variables (e.g.,
lowering minimum weaning age by one day lengthens farrowing  span
and breeding span by one day).


= This value must be rounded off to the next  highest  number  to
compute  building  capacity needed.  Notice, however, that higher
fractions give a better building  utilization  than  lower  frac-
tions; 3.9 would be better than 3.5, for example, since space for
one group of pigs would be  empty  one-half  the  time  with  3.5
groups.
_________________________________________________________________________






Table 2a. Schedule for 1 room, 14 days open, 3  groups  of  sows,
farrow every 51 days.
________________________________________________________________________
|                     SWINE SCHEDULING EXAMPLE #1                      |
|                    (All table values are in days)                    |
________________________________________________________________________
|    |  Enter |   Begin  |    |Breeding         Enter        |  Begin  |
|    |        |          |    |_______________________________         |
Group*farrowingfarrowing**Wean|BeginEndNurseryGrowingFinishingmarketing|
________________________________________________________________________
| A1 |     1  |      5   |  42|  45| 49   42 |   93 |   144  |   185   |
| B1 |    52  |     56   |  93|  96|100   93 |  144 |   195  |   236   |
| C1 |   103  |    107   | 144| 147|151  144 |  195 |   246  |   287   |
________________________________________________________________________
| A2 |   154  |    158   | 195| 198|202  195 |  246 |   297  |   338   |
| B2 |   205  |    209   | 246| 249|253  246 |  297 |   348  |   389   |
| C2 |   256  |    260   | 297| 300|304  297 |  348 |   399  |   440   |
________________________________________________________________________
| A3 |   307  |    311   | 348| 351|355  348 |  399 |   450  |   491   |
| B3 |   358  |    362   | 399| 402|406  399 |  450 |   501  |   542   |
| C3 |   409  |    413   | 450| 453|457  450 |  501 |   552  |   593   |
________________________________________________________________________
* This value refers to the sow group and to the pigs produced  by
that  sow  group.  For example, B3 would stand for the third far-
rowing of the second sow group.
** The cleanup or open period of 14 days  is  divided  between  4
days  in  the  building  when  sows  are present before farrowing
begins and 10 days after weaning  when  the  building  is  empty.
(Note  that once the top row is determined, the rest of the table
is easily computed by adding multiples of the IBF of 51 days).
- The maximum weaning age will be 37 days (42 minus 5 days  open)
and  the  minimum  will  be 29 days (37 minus 3 days to return to
heat minus 5 days (day 45 through day 49) to mate).
= The first animals will be ready for market at 180 days of  age.
Since  farrowing  began  on  day  5,  this will be day 185.  This
schedule requires building space for 1 pig group  in  nursery,  1
group in growing, and 1 group in finishing.






Table 2b. Schedule for 1 room, 5 days open,  4  groups  of  sows,
farrow every 37 days.
________________________________________________________________
|                 SWINE SCHEDULING EXAMPLE #2                  |
|                (All table values are in days)                |
________________________________________________________________
|   | Farrowing|    |Breeding|         Enter         |  Begin  |
|   |___________    |_________________________________         |
GroupEnter|BeginWean*Begin|EndNursery GrowingFinishingmarketing|
________________________________________________________________
|A1 |   1 |   3|  35|  38 | 41   35 |    72 |   109  |    183  |
|B1 |  38 |  40|  72|  75 | 78   72 |   109 |   146  |    220  |
|C1 |  75 |  77| 109| 112 |115  109 |   146 |   183  |    257  |
|D1 | 112 | 114| 146| 149 |152  146 |   183 |   220  |    294  |
________________________________________________________________
|A2 | 149 | 151| 183| 186 |189  183 |   220 |   257  |    331  |
|B2 | 186 | 188| 220| 223 |226  220 |   257 |   294  |    368  |
|C2 | 223 | 225| 257| 260 |263  257 |   294 |   331  |    405  |
|D2 | 260 | 262| 294| 297 |300  294 |   331 |   368  |    442  |
________________________________________________________________
|A3 | 297 | 299| 331| 334 |337  331 |   368 |   405  |    479  |
|B3 | 334 | 336| 368| 371 |374  368 |   405 |   442  |    516  |
|C3 | 371 | 373| 405| 408 |411  405 |   442 |   479  |    553  |
________________________________________________________________
* The maximum weaning age will be 32 days (35 minus 3 days open),
and  the  minimum  will  be 25 days (32 minus 3 days to return to
heat minus 4 days for the group to mate).
| This schedule requires building space for 1 pig group  in  nur-
sery, 1 group in growing, and 2 groups in finishing.

Table 2c. Schedule for 2 rooms, 11 days open, 7 groups  of  sows,
farrow every 21 days.

_______________________________________________________
|          SWINE SCHEDULING EXAMPLE #3                 |
|         (All table values are in days)               |
________________________________________________________
|     |Enter farrowing house|  Begin  |    |  Breeding |
|Group|    1*   |     2     |farrowing|Wean|Begin| End |
________________________________________________________
|A1   |  1      |           |     5   | 36 |  39 | 44  |
|B1   |         |  22       |    26   | 57 |  60 | 65  |
|C1   | 43      |           |    47   | 78 |  81 | 86  |
________________________________________________________
|D1   |         |  64       |    68   | 99 | 102 |107  |
|E1   | 85      |           |    89   |120 | 123 |128  |
|F1   |         | 106       |   110   |141 | 144 |149  |
________________________________________________________
|G1   |127      |           |   131   |162 | 165 |170  |
|A2   |         | 148       |   152   |183 | 186 |191  |
|B2   |169      |           |   173   |204 | 207 |212  |
________________________________________________________
|C2   |         | 190       |   194   |225 | 228 |233  |
|D2   |211      |           |   215   |246 | 249 |254  |
|E2   |         | 232       |   236   |267 | 270 |275  |
________________________________________________________
|F2   |253      |           |   257   |288 | 291 |296  |
|G2   |         | 274       |   278   |309 | 312 |317  |
|A3   |295      |           |   299   |330 | 333 |338  |
________________________________________________________
|B3   |         | 316       |   320   |351 | 354 |359  |
|C3   |337      |           |   341   |372 | 375 |380  |
|D3   |         | 358       |   362   |393 | 396 |401  |
________________________________________________________
|E3   |379      |           |   383   |414 | 417 |422  |
________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________
|     | SWINE SCHEDULING EXAMPLE #3 (continue)  |
|     |    (All table values are in days)       |
________________________________________________  
|     |Enter nursery|     Enter       |  Begin  |
|Group|  1   |   2  |Growing|Finishing|marketing|
________________________________________________  
|A1   |   36 |      |   78  |   120   |   185   |
|B1   |      |   57 |   99  |   141   |   206   |
|C1   |   78 |      |  120  |   162   |   227   |
________________________________________________  
|D1   |      |   99 |  141  |   183   |   248   |
|E1   |  120 |      |  162  |   204   |   269   |
|F1   |      |  141 |  183  |   225   |   290   |
________________________________________________  
|G1   |  162 |      |  204  |   246   |   311   |
|A2   |      |  183 |  225  |   267   |   332   |
|B2   |  204 |      |  246  |   288   |   353   |
________________________________________________  
|C2   |      |  225 |  267  |   309   |   374   |
|D2   |  246 |      |  288  |   330   |   395   |
|E2   |      |  267 |  309  |   351   |   416   |
________________________________________________  
|F2   |  288 |      |  330  |   372   |   437   |
|G2   |      |  309 |  351  |   392   |   458   |
|A3   |  330 |      |  372  |   414   |   479   |
________________________________________________  
|B3   |      |  351 |  393  |   435   |   500   |
|C3   |  372 |      |  414  |   456   |   521   |
|D3   |      |  393 |  435  |   477   |   542   |
________________________________________________  
|E3   |  414 |      |  456  |   498   |   563   |
________________________________________________  

* There are a total of 11 days open between  farrowings  (4  days
when  sows are in the building before farrowing begins and 7 days
(43 minus 36) when the building is empty).
| This schedule requires building space for 2 groups  in  nursery
(in  two  rooms),  2 groups in growing, and 3 groups in finishing
(assumes pigs are sold at 178 days of age instead of 180).   This
means  selling  by  the 183rd day in time to accommodate the next
group coming from the growing unit.






Table 2d. Schedule for 3 rooms, 4 days open, 11 groups  of  sows,
farrow every 14 days.
______________________________________________________
|          SWINE SCHEDULING EXAMPLE #4                |
|        (All table values are in days)               |
_______________________________________________________
|     |Enter farrowing house|  Begin  |    |Breeding  |
|Group|   1  |   2  |   3   |farrowing|Wean|Begin|End |
|-----|------|------|-------|---------|----|-----|----|
|A1   |  1   |      |       |     3   | 41 |  44 | 47 |
|B1   |      | 15   |       |    17   | 55 |  58 | 61 |
|C1   |      |      | 29    |    31   | 69 |  72 | 75 |
|-----|------|------|-------|---------|----|-----|----|
|D1   | 43   |      |       |    45   | 83 |  86 | 89 |
|E1   |      | 57   |       |    59   | 97 | 100 |103 |
|F1   |      |      | 71    |    73   |111 | 114 |117 |
|-----|------|------|-------|---------|----|-----|----|
|G1   | 85   |      |       |    87   |125 | 128 |131 |
|H1   |      | 99   |       |   101   |139 | 142 |145 |
|I1   |      |      |113    |   115   |153 | 156 |159 |
|-----|------|------|-------|---------|----|-----|----|
|J1   |127   |      |       |   129   |167 | 170 |173 |
|K1   |      |141   |       |   143   |181 | 184 |187 |
|A2   |      |      |155    |   157   |195 | 198 |201 |
|-----|------|------|-------|---------|----|-----|----|
|B2   |169   |      |       |   171   |209 | 212 |215 |
|C2   |      |183   |       |   185   |223 | 226 |229 |
|D2   |      |      |197    |   199   |237 | 240 |243 |
|-----|------|------|-------|---------|----|-----|----|
|E2   |211   |      |       |   213   |251 | 254 |257 |
|F2   |      |225   |       |   227   |265 | 268 |271 |
|G2   |      |      |239    |   241   |279 | 282 |285 |
|-----|------|------|-------|---------|----|-----|----|
|H2   |253   |      |       |   255   |293 | 296 |299 |
|I2   |      |267   |       |   269   |307 | 310 |313 |
|J2   |      |      |281    |   283   |321 | 324 |327 |
|-----|------|------|-------|---------|----|-----|----|
|K2   |295   |      |       |   297   |335 | 338 |341 |
|A3   |      |309   |       |   311   |349 | 352 |355 |
|-----|------|------|-------|---------|----|-----|----|

__________________________________________________
|     SWINE SCHEDULING EXAMPLE #4 (CONTINUE..)    |
|        (All table values are in days)           |
___________________________________________________
|     |Enter nursery |     Enter       |  Begin   |
|Group| 1  |  2 | 3  |Growing|Finishing|marketing*|
|-----|----|----|----|-------|---------|----------|
|A1   |  41|    |    |   83  |   125   |   183    |
|B1   |    |  55|    |   97  |   139   |   197    |
|C1   |    |    | 69 |  111  |   153   |   211    |
|-----|----|----|----|-------|---------|----------|
|D1   |  83|    |    |  125  |   167   |   225    |
|E1   |    |  97|    |  139  |   181   |   239    |
|F1   |    |    |111 |  153  |   195   |   253    |
|-----|----|----|----|-------|---------|----------|
|G1   | 125|    |    |  167  |   209   |   267    |
|H1   |    | 139|    |  181  |   223   |   281    |
|I1   |    |    |153 |  195  |   237   |   295    |
|-----|----|----|----|-------|---------|----------|
|J1   | 167|    |    |  209  |   251   |   309    |
|K1   |    | 181|    |  223  |   265   |   323    |
|A2   |    |    |195 |  237  |   279   |   337    |
|-----|----|----|----|-------|---------|----------|
|B2   | 209|    |    |  251  |   293   |   351    |
|C2   |    | 223|    |  265  |   307   |   365    |
|D2   |    |    |237 |  279  |   321   |   379    |
|-----|----|----|----|-------|---------|----------|
|E2   | 251|    |    |  293  |   335   |   393    |
|F2   |    | 265|    |  307  |   349   |   407    |
|G2   |    |    |279 |  321  |   363   |   421    |
|-----|----|----|----|-------|---------|----------|
|H2   | 293|    |    |  335  |   377   |   435    |
|I2   |    | 307|    |  349  |   391   |   449    |
|J2   |    |    |321 |  363  |   405   |   463    |
|-----|----|----|----|-------|---------|----------|
|K2   | 335|    |    |  377  |   419   |   477    |
|A3   |    | 349|    |  391  |   433   |   491    |
|-----|----|----|----|-------|---------|----------|
* This schedule requires building space for 3 groups  in  nursery
(in  three  separate rooms), 3 groups in growing, and 4 groups in
finishing (5 unless pigs are sold at 178 days of age to  accommo-
date  the  group  coming  from the growing unit on the 181st day.



Table 2e. Schedule for 5 rooms, 4 days open, 21 groups  of  sows,
farrow every 7 days.
_________________________________________________________
|       SWINE SCHEDULING EXAMPLE #5                     |
|       (All table values are in days)                  |
|-----|----|----|----|----|----|---------|----|-----|---|
|     |Enter farrowing house   |  Begin  |    |Breeding |
|Group| 1  | 2  | 3  |  4 | 5  |farrowing|Wean|Begin|End|
|-----|----|----|----|----|----|---------|----|-----|---|
|A1   |   1|    |    |    |    |     3   | 34 |  37 | 40|
|B1   |    |   8|    |    |    |    10   | 41 |  44 | 47|
|C1   |    |    |  15|    |    |    17   | 48 |  51 | 54|
|-----|----|----|----|----|----|---------|----|-----|---|
|D1   |    |    |    |  22|    |    24   | 55 |  58 | 61|
|E1   |    |    |    |    | 29 |    31   | 62 |  65 | 68|
|F1   |  36|    |    |    |    |    38   | 69 |  72 | 75|
|-----|----|----|----|----|----|---------|----|-----|---|
|G1   |    |  43|    |    |    |    45   | 76 |  79 | 82|
|H1   |    |    |  57|    |    |    52   | 83 |  86 | 89|
|I1   |    |    |    |  57|    |    59   | 90 |  93 | 96|
|-----|----|----|----|----|----|---------|----|-----|---|
|J1   |    |    |    |    | 64 |    66   | 97 | 100 |103|
|K1   |  71|    |    |    |    |    73   |104 | 107 |110|
|L1   |    |  78|    |    |    |    80   |111 | 114 |117|
|-----|----|----|----|----|----|---------|----|-----|---|
|M1   |    |    |  85|    |    |    87   |118 | 121 |124|
|N1   |    |    |    |  92|    |    94   |125 | 129 |131|
|O1   |    |    |    |    | 99 |   101   |132 | 135 |138|
|-----|----|----|----|----|----|---------|----|-----|---|
|P1   | 106|    |    |    |    |   108   |139 | 142 |145|
|Q1   |    | 113|    |    |    |   115   |146 | 149 |152|
|R1   |    |    | 127|    |    |   122   |153 | 156 |159|
|-----|----|----|----|----|----|---------|----|-----|---|
|S1   |    |    |    | 127|    |   129   |160 | 163 |166|
|T1   |    |    |    |    |134 |   136   |167 | 170 |173|
|U1   | 141|    |    |    |    |   143   |174 | 177 |180|
|-----|----|----|----|----|----|---------|----|-----|---|
|A2   |    | 148|    |    |    |   150   |181 | 184 |187|
|B2   |    |    | 155|    |    |   157   |188 | 191 |194|
|-----|----|----|----|----|----|---------|----|-----|---|

___________________________________________________
|    SWINE SCHEDULING EXAMPLE #5 (CONTINUE..)      |
|    (All table values are in days)                |
|-----|---|---|---|---|-------|---------|----------|
|     |Enter nursery  |   Enter         |  Begin   |
|Group| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |Growing|Finishing|marketing*|
|-----|---|---|---|---|-------|---------|----------|
|A1   | 34|   |   |   |   62  |   125   |   183    |
|B1   |   | 41|   |   |   69  |   132   |   190    |
|C1   |   |   | 48|   |   76  |   139   |   197    |
|-----|---|---|---|---|-------|---------|----------|
|D1   |   |   |   | 55|   83  |   146   |   204    |
|E1   | 62|   |   |   |   90  |   153   |   211    |
|F1   |   | 69|   |   |   97  |   160   |   218    |
|-----|---|---|---|---|-------|---------|----------|
|G1   |   |   | 76|   |  104  |   167   |   225    |
|H1   |   |   |   | 83|  111  |   174   |   232    |
|I1   | 90|   |   |   |  118  |   181   |   239    |
|-----|---|---|---|---|-------|---------|----------|
|J1   |   | 97|   |   |  125  |   188   |   246    |
|K1   |   |   |104|   |  132  |   195   |   253    |
|L1   |   |   |   |111|  139  |   202   |   260    |
|-----|---|---|---|---|-------|---------|----------|
|M1   |118|   |   |   |  146  |   209   |   267    |
|N1   |   |125|   |   |  153  |   216   |   274    |
|O1   |   |   |132|   |  160  |   223   |   281    |
|-----|---|---|---|---|-------|---------|----------|
|P1   |   |   |   |139|  167  |   230   |   288    |
|Q1   |146|   |   |   |  174  |   237   |   295    |
|R1   |   |153|   |   |  181  |   244   |   302    |
|-----|---|---|---|---|-------|---------|----------|
|S1   |   |   |160|   |  188  |   251   |   309    |
|T1   |   |   |   |167|  195  |   258   |   316    |
|U1   |174|   |   |   |  202  |   265   |   323    |
|-----|---|---|---|---|-------|---------|----------|
|A2   |   |181|   |   |  209  |   272   |   330    |
|B2   |   |   |188|   |  216  |   279   |   337    |
|-----|---|---|---|---|-------|---------|----------|
* This schedule requires building space for 3 groups in each nur-
sery  room,  9  groups  in growing, and 8 groups in finishing (if
pigs are sold at 178 days of age, 9 groups otherwise).

Table 3. Summary design table of building capacities  needed  per
         10 sows farrowed per period (80% average conception rate).*
         (Available in hard copy)

Figure  1.  Example  from  Table  2a, represented graphically.
            (Not available through electronic copy. Available  only   
            in  hard copy.)

Figure  2. This blank schedule is provided for your use.
           (Not available through electronic copy. Available  only   
           in  hard copy.)

11/87 (5M)

______________________________________________

Cooperative Extension Work in  Agriculture  and  Home  Economics,
State  of Indiana, Purdue University and U.S. Department of Agri-
culture Cooperating. H.A. Wadsworth,  Director,  West  Lafayette,
IN. Issued in furtherance of the Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914.
It is the policy of the Cooperative Extension Service  of  Purdue
University  that  all  persons  shall  have equal opportunity and
             access to our programs and facilities.


.